The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation's position:
1. In accordance with Articles 80-81 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation, the recipient of alimony is the parent supporting the child; they are also the claimant in enforcement proceedings.
2. Any alimony arrears accrued by the time the child reaches adulthood or by the time they are declared legally competent before reaching adulthood are subject to collection in favor of the claimant based on an enforcement document.
3. The claimant's (recipient's) failure to receive child support from the debtor places an additional burden on the claimant, as alimony payments are legally required to be paid regularly and in full.
4. Accordingly, the repayment of the accumulated arrears in alimony is compensatory in nature for the recipient of alimony, and the right to claim the accumulated arrears from the parent in whose favor the alimony was collected upon the child reaching adulthood is not lost.
The Determination of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. 58-KG17-19 of March 2, 2018.